Arrangement of precombustion chamber for injection-oil engines



Feb. 28, 1928'. F. MODERSOHN ARRANGEMENT 0F PRECOMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR INJECTION on. ENGINES Filed Feb. 26, 1926 Fig 7 N V E NTOR; Frl fz,

' of the chamber 1n Generally cylinder which .as a rule the main Patented Feb."

rnrrz aoimnsonn, or 'imnerscn-enhnmcn, GERMANY.

' ARRANGEMENT or rnacomnfisrron CHAMBER FOR; Immersion-01L enemas.

Application filed February-26,

refers to such types which have a pre- The present invention of in ect1on-o1l engines,

'combustion-chamber separate from the malnlatter being formed combustion-chambem the by a restricted space at the breech-end of the cylinder, which also accommodates inlet and exhaust valves. This arrangement 1s well-known for horizontal types of engines.

the object of pre-combusti'onchambers isto make the unsprayed fuel et strike against some hot parts of the wall order to eifect pu'lveriza: tion. A. small fraction of the charge ignites and the consequent rise in pressure in the chamber drives the main part of the. chargethrough the holes of the bottom into the it enters partly in liquid,- partly in gaseous state In Vertical engines combustion-chamber is formed by the top part of the cylinder itself the valves are vertically inserted into the s bottom face of the cylinder or cylinder head and do not aflect the shape of the combustion-chamber. combustion-chamber arranged on to of the main combustion; chamber which is fitted with a thinwalled cup having a number of holes' spaced round the circumference.

Horizontal engines havlng a main combustion chamber of reduced width as this arrangement cannot be used as the fuel jets leaving the-heles are burning; they would strike against the wall of the maincombustion chamber and this would cause incom- Elete 'coinbustiom the flames would also ama'ge the valves. 7

The present invention consists in an arrangement of pro-combustion. chamber for engines having duced width;

a bombustion chamber of re this arrangement ensuring satisfactory preliminary pulverizing inthe precombustion. chamber as' well. as complete combustion in the main combustion chamber proper. The arrangement provides for a pre-combustion chamber having a nozzle with a number of holes the diameter "of which is lar er atthe side facing the precombustion c amber and reduced at the exit to the main combustion chamber. The center part between the holesof this nozzle is of;

suflicient width to take the full fuel je't, or any rate the major part of it. The reduced diameter of the holes, required because: the face of the nozzle towards thepre com bustion chamber must have a sufficient large- These eng nes have the pre- A 1926, Serial No. 90,741,--and in Germany December 30, 1925.

unbroken surface to act as pulverizer, on the other hand the jet must leave the nozzle with a veloc-ity suflicient to ensure thorough mixing of burning fuel particles and. air throughout the main combustion chamber. This is necessary plete combustion.

U0 toobtain quick 'and'com- Experience has shown that the holes must I have a considerable l'e'ngth in order to control the direction of the jet in such a waythat it'does not strike the walls of the main combustion chamber.

visable to direct the jet entering the precombustion chamber ,so that it strikes against a heated surface before the liquid particles are sprayedv again through the holes of the pre-combustion chamber. These holes are therefore so dimensioned and so disposed that they leave between them sufficient unbroken surface that the whole jet It has also been established that'it is ada or at any rate the major part of will strike against. it.

To increase the pulverizing efiect of the process the parts of the jetsas' far\as pos-- sible' should strike the surface at right angles. This can be accomplished b givmg the surface a spherically concave center of the sphere being inor hear the issuing point of the spray-yalve' v 2 a cross-sectional; of this invention; 0 is the spray valve, b'the pro-ignition chamber which is in communication-with the main combustion chamber,

ape the 7 5 I .Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section,,Fig.

II of an application a through nozzle-part 0 containing a 'number'of holes (in this instance 6 The dinear the ameter of the holes-at the end pre-ignition chamber is larger, t an at the other'end 7. The face of thejnozzle-pait 0 towards the pro-ignition chamberis' con- 1 cave. The unbroken surface between the holes is of such sizeithat the jets strike completely against this surface or very neary so very little of them way to the holes g. i The effect is] by striking againstthis surface and enters state- By passing through '9 and ,f the ized oil entering g 'is'probably partly ignited and therise in pressure due to this ignition with the gaseous products of combustion fi d n a d re t-w that the jet. is. pulverized" the-part. g ofsthe holes in this pulverized spraying process is completed. The pulver- 2 being so disposed'as to through the narrowart of the holes into the combustion cham er a, where they come in contact with the turbulent air compressed by the piston. In this way a thorough mix-' ture of air and oil is produced without the jets of oil striking against the walls of this part of the combustion chamberor against the valves.

What I claim as an invention is:

l. A I device of the character described, comprising, in combination, a main combustion chamber having a restricted a pre-combustion chamber, a nozzle etween the main' and pre-combustion, chambers, said nozzle having a plurality of axial extending openings communicating with said chambers, said openings being disposed in a circle enclosing a solid area, the 7 length of the openings being many times greater than theirdiameter and the diameter of said openings being reduced at the end communicating with the main combustion chamber,

and a spray valve for injecting fuel into the pro-combustion chamber, said spray valve deliver the major ortion,-

part of its jet upon the solid area enclosed between said openings. 1

2. A device of the character described, comprisin I tion chain er having a restricted portion, a pre-combusti'onchamber, a nozzle between the main and pre-combustion chambers, said nozzle having a plurality of axially extending openings communicating with said chambers, said openings being disposed in.

a circle enclosing a solid area, the length of the openings being many times greater than their diameter and the diameter of said openings bei'n reduced atthe end communicating with the main combustion chamber,

and a spray valve for injecting fuel intothe pre-combustion chamber, said spray' in combination, a main combus- '1 

